أثر تبني تقنية البلوكتشين في خفض تكاليف سلاسل الإمداد: دراسة قياسية على عينة من شركات التجزئة الكبرى المسجلة لدى هيئة الأوراق المالية والبورصات الأمريكية للفترة 2015 – 2025
The Impact of Blockchain Technology Adoption on Reducing Supply Chain Costs: An Econometric Study of a Sample of Major Retail Companies Registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for the Period 2015–2025
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الكلمات المفتاحية: تقنية البلوكتشين، إدارة سلاسل الإمداد، هيكل التكاليف، نموذج الفرق في الفروق، قطاع التجزئة.Résumé
Abstract:
This study aimed to measure the quantitative impact of adopting blockchain technology in supply chain management on the cost of goods sold and operating expenses ratios for a sample of U.S. retail companies (2015-2025). It adopted a descriptive-analytical approach and the Difference-in-Differences econometric model, using quarterly data from SEC reports. Walmart represented the treatment group, compared to major retail companies that did not mandate the technology as a control group. Key results showed a statistically significant impact of blockchain adoption on the operating expenses ratio, while no significant impact was found on the cost of goods sold ratio. The study recommended integrating blockchain with Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies like AI and IoT, and establishing strategic alliances via blockchain networks to distribute massive capital costs.
Key words: Blockchain Technology, Supply Chain Management, Cost Structure, Difference-in-Differences Model, Retail Sector.
