Redefining Teacher-Learner Interaction Through AI Tools: A Case Study of Writing Instruction in Secondary Language Classrooms

Resumo

The rise of advanced digital technologies, particularly AI-tool applications like chat-bots and virtual learning platforms, has ushered a transformative era in education. These innovations are reshaping how students engage with learning, encouraging more self-directed and personalized educational experiences. As AI becomes increasingly integrated into academic environments, traditional teacher- led models in foreign- language writing classrooms are being reconsidered. This shift reflects a broader pedagogical transition towards more student-centered learning, where technology plays a key role in supporting learners' autonomy. This study investigates how AI influences teacher– learner interaction in secondary -level foreign-language writing, drawing from final classes case study. The findings highlight that while AI offers significant instructional support, the teacher’s role as a facilitator, mentor, and critical guide remains indispensable. The study involved two third year high school student groups consisting of 30 learners, engaged in argumentative essay writing in a foreign language. One group followed traditional teaching methods, while the other engaged in AI- enhanced pedagogy supported by teacher guidance and agency. The study assessed writing improvements, student perceptions and teachers’ reflections in a digitally integrated environment. Results indicate that AI contributes to improved writing performance and greater learner autonomy in completing writing tasks. However, it also brings challenges, such as reduced teacher visibility and concerns over diminished critical thinking and over-dependence on technology. The research concludes by stressing the importance of continuous teacher training and curriculum reforms that ensure AI is used ethically and effectively within secondary language-writing instruction. It advocates for a balanced integration of human instruction and AI technologies, adopting a blended learning approach that enhances flexibility and accessibility while mitigating the drawbacks of overreliance on technology.