Lead And Aluminum Toxicity Induce Loss And Death Of Hepatorenal Cells In Mice

Abstract

Lead and aluminum are natural components of the Earth's crust and are environmental contaminants. This study was undertaken to evaluate histological alterations induced by a chronic intoxication by aluminum chloride and lead acetate. After 12 weeks in vivo study, an increase in the activity of markers of liver function (AST and ALT) was found in blood of treated groups by these metals. Hypocalcaemia has been reported in mice poisoned by lead and hypocalcemia in aluminum-intoxicated group, implying that both metals impair calcium homeostasis. Histological study at the liver level showed hepatocyte lesions with presence of dilated sinusoids, ballooning, inflammatory infiltrates, nuclear pyknosis, Kupffer cells, vascular congestions and increased number of binucleated hepatocytes. The kidneys have dilated renal tubules, inflammatory infiltrates and congestions. The biochemical parameters confirmed the histological changes observed in the liver and kidneys. Lead and aluminum severely affect the liver and kidneys