مبارك شودار. “مقومات الاقتصاد الجزائري في نهاية العهد العثماني: Foundations of the Algerian Economy at the End of the Ottoman Era”. Journal of North African Economies, vol. 21, no. 37, June 2025, pp. 101-10, https://journals.univ-chlef.dz/index.php/renaf/article/view/142.